Struct std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram

pub struct UnixDatagram(_);

Available on Unix only.

A Unix datagram socket.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixDatagram::bind("/path/to/my/socket")?;
    socket.send_to(b"hello world", "/path/to/other/socket")?;
    let mut buf = [0; 100];
    let (count, address) = socket.recv_from(&mut buf)?;
    println!("socket {:?} sent {:?}", address, &buf[..count]);
    Ok(())
}

Implementations

impl UnixDatagram

pub fn bind<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> Result<UnixDatagram>

Creates a Unix datagram socket bound to the given path.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;

let sock = match UnixDatagram::bind("/path/to/the/socket") {
    Ok(sock) => sock,
    Err(e) => {
        println!("Couldn't bind: {e:?}");
        return
    }
};

pub fn bind_addr(socket_addr: &SocketAddr) -> Result<UnixDatagram>

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (unix_socket_abstract #85410)

Creates a Unix datagram socket bound to an address.

Examples

#![feature(unix_socket_abstract)]
use std::os::unix::net::{UnixDatagram};

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock1 = UnixDatagram::bind("path/to/socket")?;
    let addr = sock1.local_addr()?;

    let sock2 = match UnixDatagram::bind_addr(&addr) {
        Ok(sock) => sock,
        Err(err) => {
            println!("Couldn't bind: {err:?}");
            return Err(err);
        }
    };
    Ok(())
}

pub fn unbound() -> Result<UnixDatagram>

Creates a Unix Datagram socket which is not bound to any address.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;

let sock = match UnixDatagram::unbound() {
    Ok(sock) => sock,
    Err(e) => {
        println!("Couldn't unbound: {e:?}");
        return
    }
};

pub fn pair() -> Result<(UnixDatagram, UnixDatagram)>

Creates an unnamed pair of connected sockets.

Returns two UnixDatagramss which are connected to each other.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;

let (sock1, sock2) = match UnixDatagram::pair() {
    Ok((sock1, sock2)) => (sock1, sock2),
    Err(e) => {
        println!("Couldn't unbound: {e:?}");
        return
    }
};

pub fn connect<P: AsRef<Path>>(&self, path: P) -> Result<()>

Connects the socket to the specified path address.

The send method may be used to send data to the specified address. recv and recv_from will only receive data from that address.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    match sock.connect("/path/to/the/socket") {
        Ok(sock) => sock,
        Err(e) => {
            println!("Couldn't connect: {e:?}");
            return Err(e)
        }
    };
    Ok(())
}

pub fn connect_addr(&self, socket_addr: &SocketAddr) -> Result<()>

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (unix_socket_abstract #85410)

Connects the socket to an address.

Examples

#![feature(unix_socket_abstract)]
use std::os::unix::net::{UnixDatagram};

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let bound = UnixDatagram::bind("/path/to/socket")?;
    let addr = bound.local_addr()?;

    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    match sock.connect_addr(&addr) {
        Ok(sock) => sock,
        Err(e) => {
            println!("Couldn't connect: {e:?}");
            return Err(e)
        }
    };
    Ok(())
}

pub fn try_clone(&self) -> Result<UnixDatagram>

Creates a new independently owned handle to the underlying socket.

The returned UnixDatagram is a reference to the same socket that this object references. Both handles can be used to accept incoming connections and options set on one side will affect the other.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::bind("/path/to/the/socket")?;
    let sock_copy = sock.try_clone().expect("try_clone failed");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn local_addr(&self) -> Result<SocketAddr>

Returns the address of this socket.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::bind("/path/to/the/socket")?;
    let addr = sock.local_addr().expect("Couldn't get local address");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn peer_addr(&self) -> Result<SocketAddr>

Returns the address of this socket’s peer.

The connect method will connect the socket to a peer.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    sock.connect("/path/to/the/socket")?;

    let addr = sock.peer_addr().expect("Couldn't get peer address");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn recv_from(&self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(usize, SocketAddr)>

Receives data from the socket.

On success, returns the number of bytes read and the address from whence the data came.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    let mut buf = vec![0; 10];
    let (size, sender) = sock.recv_from(buf.as_mut_slice())?;
    println!("received {size} bytes from {sender:?}");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn recv(&self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize>

Receives data from the socket.

On success, returns the number of bytes read.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::bind("/path/to/the/socket")?;
    let mut buf = vec![0; 10];
    sock.recv(buf.as_mut_slice()).expect("recv function failed");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn recv_vectored_with_ancillary_from(
    &self,
    bufs: &mut [IoSliceMut<'_>],
    ancillary: &mut SocketAncillary<'_>
) -> Result<(usize, bool, SocketAddr)>

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (unix_socket_ancillary_data #76915)

Receives data and ancillary data from socket.

On success, returns the number of bytes read, if the data was truncated and the address from whence the msg came.

Examples

#![feature(unix_socket_ancillary_data)]
use std::os::unix::net::{UnixDatagram, SocketAncillary, AncillaryData};
use std::io::IoSliceMut;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    let mut buf1 = [1; 8];
    let mut buf2 = [2; 16];
    let mut buf3 = [3; 8];
    let mut bufs = &mut [
        IoSliceMut::new(&mut buf1),
        IoSliceMut::new(&mut buf2),
        IoSliceMut::new(&mut buf3),
    ][..];
    let mut fds = [0; 8];
    let mut ancillary_buffer = [0; 128];
    let mut ancillary = SocketAncillary::new(&mut ancillary_buffer[..]);
    let (size, _truncated, sender) = sock.recv_vectored_with_ancillary_from(bufs, &mut ancillary)?;
    println!("received {size}");
    for ancillary_result in ancillary.messages() {
        if let AncillaryData::ScmRights(scm_rights) = ancillary_result.unwrap() {
            for fd in scm_rights {
                println!("receive file descriptor: {fd}");
            }
        }
    }
    Ok(())
}

pub fn recv_vectored_with_ancillary(
    &self,
    bufs: &mut [IoSliceMut<'_>],
    ancillary: &mut SocketAncillary<'_>
) -> Result<(usize, bool)>

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (unix_socket_ancillary_data #76915)

Receives data and ancillary data from socket.

On success, returns the number of bytes read and if the data was truncated.

Examples

#![feature(unix_socket_ancillary_data)]
use std::os::unix::net::{UnixDatagram, SocketAncillary, AncillaryData};
use std::io::IoSliceMut;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    let mut buf1 = [1; 8];
    let mut buf2 = [2; 16];
    let mut buf3 = [3; 8];
    let mut bufs = &mut [
        IoSliceMut::new(&mut buf1),
        IoSliceMut::new(&mut buf2),
        IoSliceMut::new(&mut buf3),
    ][..];
    let mut fds = [0; 8];
    let mut ancillary_buffer = [0; 128];
    let mut ancillary = SocketAncillary::new(&mut ancillary_buffer[..]);
    let (size, _truncated) = sock.recv_vectored_with_ancillary(bufs, &mut ancillary)?;
    println!("received {size}");
    for ancillary_result in ancillary.messages() {
        if let AncillaryData::ScmRights(scm_rights) = ancillary_result.unwrap() {
            for fd in scm_rights {
                println!("receive file descriptor: {fd}");
            }
        }
    }
    Ok(())
}

pub fn send_to<P: AsRef<Path>>(&self, buf: &[u8], path: P) -> Result<usize>

Sends data on the socket to the specified address.

On success, returns the number of bytes written.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    sock.send_to(b"omelette au fromage", "/some/sock").expect("send_to function failed");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn send_to_addr(
    &self,
    buf: &[u8],
    socket_addr: &SocketAddr
) -> Result<usize>

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (unix_socket_abstract #85410)

Sends data on the socket to the specified SocketAddr.

On success, returns the number of bytes written.

Examples

#![feature(unix_socket_abstract)]
use std::os::unix::net::{UnixDatagram};

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let bound = UnixDatagram::bind("/path/to/socket")?;
    let addr = bound.local_addr()?;

    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    sock.send_to_addr(b"bacon egg and cheese", &addr).expect("send_to_addr function failed");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn send(&self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize>

Sends data on the socket to the socket’s peer.

The peer address may be set by the connect method, and this method will return an error if the socket has not already been connected.

On success, returns the number of bytes written.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    sock.connect("/some/sock").expect("Couldn't connect");
    sock.send(b"omelette au fromage").expect("send_to function failed");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn send_vectored_with_ancillary_to<P: AsRef<Path>>(
    &self,
    bufs: &[IoSlice<'_>],
    ancillary: &mut SocketAncillary<'_>,
    path: P
) -> Result<usize>

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (unix_socket_ancillary_data #76915)

Sends data and ancillary data on the socket to the specified address.

On success, returns the number of bytes written.

Examples

#![feature(unix_socket_ancillary_data)]
use std::os::unix::net::{UnixDatagram, SocketAncillary};
use std::io::IoSlice;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    let buf1 = [1; 8];
    let buf2 = [2; 16];
    let buf3 = [3; 8];
    let bufs = &[
        IoSlice::new(&buf1),
        IoSlice::new(&buf2),
        IoSlice::new(&buf3),
    ][..];
    let fds = [0, 1, 2];
    let mut ancillary_buffer = [0; 128];
    let mut ancillary = SocketAncillary::new(&mut ancillary_buffer[..]);
    ancillary.add_fds(&fds[..]);
    sock.send_vectored_with_ancillary_to(bufs, &mut ancillary, "/some/sock")
        .expect("send_vectored_with_ancillary_to function failed");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn send_vectored_with_ancillary(
    &self,
    bufs: &[IoSlice<'_>],
    ancillary: &mut SocketAncillary<'_>
) -> Result<usize>

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (unix_socket_ancillary_data #76915)

Sends data and ancillary data on the socket.

On success, returns the number of bytes written.

Examples

#![feature(unix_socket_ancillary_data)]
use std::os::unix::net::{UnixDatagram, SocketAncillary};
use std::io::IoSlice;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    let buf1 = [1; 8];
    let buf2 = [2; 16];
    let buf3 = [3; 8];
    let bufs = &[
        IoSlice::new(&buf1),
        IoSlice::new(&buf2),
        IoSlice::new(&buf3),
    ][..];
    let fds = [0, 1, 2];
    let mut ancillary_buffer = [0; 128];
    let mut ancillary = SocketAncillary::new(&mut ancillary_buffer[..]);
    ancillary.add_fds(&fds[..]);
    sock.send_vectored_with_ancillary(bufs, &mut ancillary)
        .expect("send_vectored_with_ancillary function failed");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn set_read_timeout(&self, timeout: Option<Duration>) -> Result<()>

Sets the read timeout for the socket.

If the provided value is None, then recv and recv_from calls will block indefinitely. An Err is returned if the zero Duration is passed to this method.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;
use std::time::Duration;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    sock.set_read_timeout(Some(Duration::new(1, 0)))
        .expect("set_read_timeout function failed");
    Ok(())
}

An Err is returned if the zero Duration is passed to this method:

use std::io;
use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;
use std::time::Duration;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    let result = socket.set_read_timeout(Some(Duration::new(0, 0)));
    let err = result.unwrap_err();
    assert_eq!(err.kind(), io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput);
    Ok(())
}

pub fn set_write_timeout(&self, timeout: Option<Duration>) -> Result<()>

Sets the write timeout for the socket.

If the provided value is None, then send and send_to calls will block indefinitely. An Err is returned if the zero Duration is passed to this method.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;
use std::time::Duration;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    sock.set_write_timeout(Some(Duration::new(1, 0)))
        .expect("set_write_timeout function failed");
    Ok(())
}

An Err is returned if the zero Duration is passed to this method:

use std::io;
use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;
use std::time::Duration;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    let result = socket.set_write_timeout(Some(Duration::new(0, 0)));
    let err = result.unwrap_err();
    assert_eq!(err.kind(), io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput);
    Ok(())
}

pub fn read_timeout(&self) -> Result<Option<Duration>>

Returns the read timeout of this socket.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;
use std::time::Duration;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    sock.set_read_timeout(Some(Duration::new(1, 0)))
        .expect("set_read_timeout function failed");
    assert_eq!(sock.read_timeout()?, Some(Duration::new(1, 0)));
    Ok(())
}

pub fn write_timeout(&self) -> Result<Option<Duration>>

Returns the write timeout of this socket.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;
use std::time::Duration;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    sock.set_write_timeout(Some(Duration::new(1, 0)))
        .expect("set_write_timeout function failed");
    assert_eq!(sock.write_timeout()?, Some(Duration::new(1, 0)));
    Ok(())
}

pub fn set_nonblocking(&self, nonblocking: bool) -> Result<()>

Moves the socket into or out of nonblocking mode.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    sock.set_nonblocking(true).expect("set_nonblocking function failed");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn set_passcred(&self, passcred: bool) -> Result<()>

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (unix_socket_ancillary_data #76915)

Moves the socket to pass unix credentials as control message in SocketAncillary.

Set the socket option SO_PASSCRED.

Examples

#![feature(unix_socket_ancillary_data)]
use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    sock.set_passcred(true).expect("set_passcred function failed");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn passcred(&self) -> Result<bool>

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (unix_socket_ancillary_data #76915)

Get the current value of the socket for passing unix credentials in SocketAncillary. This value can be change by set_passcred.

Get the socket option SO_PASSCRED.

pub fn take_error(&self) -> Result<Option<Error>>

Returns the value of the SO_ERROR option.

Examples

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    if let Ok(Some(err)) = sock.take_error() {
        println!("Got error: {err:?}");
    }
    Ok(())
}

pub fn shutdown(&self, how: Shutdown) -> Result<()>

Shut down the read, write, or both halves of this connection.

This function will cause all pending and future I/O calls on the specified portions to immediately return with an appropriate value (see the documentation of Shutdown).

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;
use std::net::Shutdown;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let sock = UnixDatagram::unbound()?;
    sock.shutdown(Shutdown::Both).expect("shutdown function failed");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn peek(&self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize>

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (unix_socket_peek #76923)

Receives data on the socket from the remote address to which it is connected, without removing that data from the queue. On success, returns the number of bytes peeked.

Successive calls return the same data. This is accomplished by passing MSG_PEEK as a flag to the underlying recv system call.

Examples

#![feature(unix_socket_peek)]

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixDatagram::bind("/tmp/sock")?;
    let mut buf = [0; 10];
    let len = socket.peek(&mut buf).expect("peek failed");
    Ok(())
}

pub fn peek_from(&self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(usize, SocketAddr)>

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (unix_socket_peek #76923)

Receives a single datagram message on the socket, without removing it from the queue. On success, returns the number of bytes read and the origin.

The function must be called with valid byte array buf of sufficient size to hold the message bytes. If a message is too long to fit in the supplied buffer, excess bytes may be discarded.

Successive calls return the same data. This is accomplished by passing MSG_PEEK as a flag to the underlying recvfrom system call.

Do not use this function to implement busy waiting, instead use libc::poll to synchronize IO events on one or more sockets.

Examples

#![feature(unix_socket_peek)]

use std::os::unix::net::UnixDatagram;

fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    let socket = UnixDatagram::bind("/tmp/sock")?;
    let mut buf = [0; 10];
    let (len, addr) = socket.peek_from(&mut buf).expect("peek failed");
    Ok(())
}

Trait Implementations

impl AsFd for UnixDatagram

fn as_fd(&self) -> BorrowedFd<'_>

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (io_safety #87074)

Borrows the file descriptor.

impl AsRawFd for UnixDatagram

fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd

Extracts the raw file descriptor.

impl Debug for UnixDatagram

fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl From<OwnedFd> for UnixDatagram

fn from(owned: OwnedFd) -> Self

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl From<UnixDatagram> for OwnedFd

fn from(unix_datagram: UnixDatagram) -> OwnedFd

Converts to this type from the input type.

impl FromRawFd for UnixDatagram

unsafe fn from_raw_fd(fd: RawFd) -> UnixDatagram

Constructs a new instance of Self from the given raw file descriptor.

impl IntoRawFd for UnixDatagram

fn into_raw_fd(self) -> RawFd

Consumes this object, returning the raw underlying file descriptor.