pub enum Cow<'a, B>{
Borrowed(&'a B),
Owned(<B as ToOwned>::Owned),
}
Expand description
A clone-on-write smart pointer.
The type Cow
is a smart pointer providing clone-on-write functionality: it
can enclose and provide immutable access to borrowed data, and clone the
data lazily when mutation or ownership is required. The type is designed to
work with general borrowed data via the Borrow
trait.
Cow
implements Deref
, which means that you can call
non-mutating methods directly on the data it encloses. If mutation
is desired, to_mut
will obtain a mutable reference to an owned
value, cloning if necessary.
If you need reference-counting pointers, note that
Rc::make_mut
and
Arc::make_mut
can provide clone-on-write
functionality as well.
§Examples
use std::borrow::Cow;
fn abs_all(input: &mut Cow<'_, [i32]>) {
for i in 0..input.len() {
let v = input[i];
if v < 0 {
input.to_mut()[i] = -v;
}
}
}
let slice = [0, 1, 2];
let mut input = Cow::from(&slice[..]);
abs_all(&mut input);
let slice = [-1, 0, 1];
let mut input = Cow::from(&slice[..]);
abs_all(&mut input);
let mut input = Cow::from(vec![-1, 0, 1]);
abs_all(&mut input);
Run
Another example showing how to keep Cow
in a struct:
use std::borrow::Cow;
struct Items<'a, X> where [X]: ToOwned<Owned = Vec<X>> {
values: Cow<'a, [X]>,
}
impl<'a, X: Clone + 'a> Items<'a, X> where [X]: ToOwned<Owned = Vec<X>> {
fn new(v: Cow<'a, [X]>) -> Self {
Items { values: v }
}
}
let readonly = [1, 2];
let borrowed = Items::new((&readonly[..]).into());
match borrowed {
Items { values: Cow::Borrowed(b) } => println!("borrowed {b:?}"),
_ => panic!("expect borrowed value"),
}
let mut clone_on_write = borrowed;
clone_on_write.values.to_mut().push(3);
println!("clone_on_write = {:?}", clone_on_write.values);
match clone_on_write {
Items { values: Cow::Owned(_) } => println!("clone_on_write contains owned data"),
_ => panic!("expect owned data"),
}
Run
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (cow_is_borrowed
#65143)
Returns true if the data is borrowed, i.e. if to_mut
would require additional work.
§Examples
#![feature(cow_is_borrowed)]
use std::borrow::Cow;
let cow = Cow::Borrowed("moo");
assert!(cow.is_borrowed());
let bull: Cow<'_, str> = Cow::Owned("...moo?".to_string());
assert!(!bull.is_borrowed());
Run
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (cow_is_borrowed
#65143)
Returns true if the data is owned, i.e. if to_mut
would be a no-op.
§Examples
#![feature(cow_is_borrowed)]
use std::borrow::Cow;
let cow: Cow<'_, str> = Cow::Owned("moo".to_string());
assert!(cow.is_owned());
let bull = Cow::Borrowed("...moo?");
assert!(!bull.is_owned());
Run
Acquires a mutable reference to the owned form of the data.
Clones the data if it is not already owned.
§Examples
use std::borrow::Cow;
let mut cow = Cow::Borrowed("foo");
cow.to_mut().make_ascii_uppercase();
assert_eq!(
cow,
Cow::Owned(String::from("FOO")) as Cow<'_, str>
);
Run
Extracts the owned data.
Clones the data if it is not already owned.
§Examples
Calling into_owned
on a Cow::Borrowed
returns a clone of the borrowed data:
use std::borrow::Cow;
let s = "Hello world!";
let cow = Cow::Borrowed(s);
assert_eq!(
cow.into_owned(),
String::from(s)
);
Run
Calling into_owned
on a Cow::Owned
returns the owned data. The data is moved out of the
Cow
without being cloned.
use std::borrow::Cow;
let s = "Hello world!";
let cow: Cow<'_, str> = Cow::Owned(String::from(s));
assert_eq!(
cow.into_owned(),
String::from(s)
);
Run
The resulting type after applying the +
operator.
The resulting type after applying the +
operator.
Converts this type into a shared reference of the (usually inferred) input type.
Converts this type into a shared reference of the (usually inferred) input type.
Immutably borrows from an owned value.
Read more
Performs copy-assignment from
source
.
Read more
Formats the value using the given formatter.
Read more
Creates an owned Cow<’a, B> with the default value for the contained owned value.
The resulting type after dereferencing.
Dereferences the value.
Formats the value using the given formatter.
Read more
Extends a collection with the contents of an iterator.
Read more
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (extend_one
#72631) Extends a collection with exactly one element.
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (extend_one
#72631) Reserves capacity in a collection for the given number of additional elements.
Read more
Extends a collection with the contents of an iterator.
Read more
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (extend_one
#72631) Extends a collection with exactly one element.
🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (extend_one
#72631) Reserves capacity in a collection for the given number of additional elements.
Read more
Creates a Borrowed
variant of Cow
from a slice.
This conversion does not allocate or clone the data.
Converts a CStr
into a borrowed Cow
without copying or allocating.
Converts a &
CString
into a borrowed Cow
without copying or allocating.
Creates a clone-on-write pointer from a reference to
Path
.
This conversion does not clone or allocate.
Creates a clone-on-write pointer from a reference to
PathBuf
.
This conversion does not clone or allocate.
Converts a String
reference into a Borrowed
variant.
No heap allocation is performed, and the string
is not copied.
§Example
let s = "eggplant".to_string();
assert_eq!(Cow::from(&s), Cow::Borrowed("eggplant"));
Run
Creates a Borrowed
variant of Cow
from a reference to Vec
.
This conversion does not allocate or clone the data.
Converts a string slice into a Borrowed
variant.
No heap allocation is performed, and the string
is not copied.
§Example
assert_eq!(Cow::from("eggplant"), Cow::Borrowed("eggplant"));
Run
Converts a CString
into an owned Cow
without copying or allocating.
Converts a Cow<'_, [T]>
into a Box<[T]>
When cow
is the Cow::Borrowed
variant, this
conversion allocates on the heap and copies the
underlying slice. Otherwise, it will try to reuse the owned
Vec
’s allocation.
Converts a Cow<'a, CStr>
into a Box<CStr>
,
by copying the contents if they are borrowed.
Converts a Cow<'a, OsStr>
into a Box<OsStr>
,
by copying the contents if they are borrowed.
Creates a boxed Path
from a clone-on-write pointer.
Converting from a Cow::Owned
does not clone or allocate.
Converts a Cow<'_, str>
into a Box<str>
When cow
is the Cow::Borrowed
variant, this
conversion allocates on the heap and copies the
underlying str
. Otherwise, it will try to reuse the owned
String
’s allocation.
§Examples
use std::borrow::Cow;
let unboxed = Cow::Borrowed("hello");
let boxed: Box<str> = Box::from(unboxed);
println!("{boxed}");
Run
let unboxed = Cow::Owned("hello".to_string());
let boxed: Box<str> = Box::from(unboxed);
println!("{boxed}");
Run
Convert a clone-on-write slice into a vector.
If s
already owns a Vec<T>
, it will be returned directly.
If s
is borrowing a slice, a new Vec<T>
will be allocated and
filled by cloning s
’s items into it.
§Examples
let o: Cow<'_, [i32]> = Cow::Owned(vec![1, 2, 3]);
let b: Cow<'_, [i32]> = Cow::Borrowed(&[1, 2, 3]);
assert_eq!(Vec::from(o), Vec::from(b));
Run
Create an atomically reference-counted pointer from
a clone-on-write pointer by copying its content.
§Example
let cow: Cow<'_, str> = Cow::Borrowed("eggplant");
let shared: Arc<str> = Arc::from(cow);
assert_eq!("eggplant", &shared[..]);
Run
Create a reference-counted pointer from
a clone-on-write pointer by copying its content.
§Example
let cow: Cow<'_, str> = Cow::Borrowed("eggplant");
let shared: Rc<str> = Rc::from(cow);
assert_eq!("eggplant", &shared[..]);
Run
Converts a Cow<'a, CStr>
into a CString
, by copying the contents if they are
borrowed.
Converts a Cow<'a, OsStr>
into an OsString
,
by copying the contents if they are borrowed.
Converts a clone-on-write pointer to an owned path.
Converting from a Cow::Owned
does not clone or allocate.
Converts a Cow
into a box of dyn Error
.
§Examples
use std::error::Error;
use std::mem;
use std::borrow::Cow;
let a_cow_str_error = Cow::from("a str error");
let a_boxed_error = Box::<dyn Error>::from(a_cow_str_error);
assert!(mem::size_of::<Box<dyn Error>>() == mem::size_of_val(&a_boxed_error))
Run
Converts a clone-on-write string to an owned
instance of String
.
This extracts the owned string,
clones the string if it is not already owned.
§Example
let cow: Cow<'_, str> = Cow::Borrowed("eggplant");
let owned: String = String::from(cow);
assert_eq!(&owned[..], "eggplant");
Run
Converts a Cow
into a box of dyn Error
+ Send
+ Sync
.
§Examples
use std::error::Error;
use std::mem;
use std::borrow::Cow;
let a_cow_str_error = Cow::from("a str error");
let a_boxed_error = Box::<dyn Error + Send + Sync>::from(a_cow_str_error);
assert!(
mem::size_of::<Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>>() == mem::size_of_val(&a_boxed_error))
Run
Creates a clone-on-write pointer from an owned
instance of PathBuf
.
This conversion does not clone or allocate.
Converts a String
into an Owned
variant.
No heap allocation is performed, and the string
is not copied.
§Example
let s = "eggplant".to_string();
let s2 = "eggplant".to_string();
assert_eq!(Cow::from(s), Cow::<'static, str>::Owned(s2));
Run
Creates an Owned
variant of Cow
from an owned instance of Vec
.
This conversion does not allocate or clone the data.
Compares and returns the maximum of two values.
Read more
Compares and returns the minimum of two values.
Read more
Restrict a value to a certain interval.
Read more
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method tests for self
and other
values to be equal, and is used
by ==
.
This method tests for !=
. The default implementation is almost always
sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
This method returns an ordering between
self
and
other
values if one exists.
Read more
This method tests less than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<
operator.
Read more
This method tests less than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
<=
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>
operator.
Read more
This method tests greater than or equal to (for
self
and
other
) and is used by the
>=
operator.
Read more
Immutably borrows from an owned value.
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Mutably borrows from an owned value.
Read more
Returns the argument unchanged.
Calls U::from(self)
.
That is, this conversion is whatever the implementation of
From<T> for U
chooses to do.
The resulting type after obtaining ownership.
Creates owned data from borrowed data, usually by cloning.
Read more
Uses borrowed data to replace owned data, usually by cloning.
Read more
Converts the given value to a
String
.
Read more
The type returned in the event of a conversion error.
Performs the conversion.
The type returned in the event of a conversion error.
Performs the conversion.