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/// An iterator that knows its exact length.
///
/// Many [`Iterator`]s don't know how many times they will iterate, but some do.
/// If an iterator knows how many times it can iterate, providing access to
/// that information can be useful. For example, if you want to iterate
/// backwards, a good start is to know where the end is.
///
/// When implementing an `ExactSizeIterator`, you must also implement
/// [`Iterator`]. When doing so, the implementation of [`Iterator::size_hint`]
/// *must* return the exact size of the iterator.
///
/// The [`len`] method has a default implementation, so you usually shouldn't
/// implement it. However, you may be able to provide a more performant
/// implementation than the default, so overriding it in this case makes sense.
///
/// Note that this trait is a safe trait and as such does *not* and *cannot*
/// guarantee that the returned length is correct. This means that `unsafe`
/// code **must not** rely on the correctness of [`Iterator::size_hint`]. The
/// unstable and unsafe [`TrustedLen`](super::marker::TrustedLen) trait gives
/// this additional guarantee.
///
/// [`len`]: ExactSizeIterator::len
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Basic usage:
///
/// ```
/// // a finite range knows exactly how many times it will iterate
/// let five = 0..5;
///
/// assert_eq!(5, five.len());
/// ```
///
/// In the [module-level docs], we implemented an [`Iterator`], `Counter`.
/// Let's implement `ExactSizeIterator` for it as well:
///
/// [module-level docs]: crate::iter
///
/// ```
/// # struct Counter {
/// # count: usize,
/// # }
/// # impl Counter {
/// # fn new() -> Counter {
/// # Counter { count: 0 }
/// # }
/// # }
/// # impl Iterator for Counter {
/// # type Item = usize;
/// # fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
/// # self.count += 1;
/// # if self.count < 6 {
/// # Some(self.count)
/// # } else {
/// # None
/// # }
/// # }
/// # }
/// impl ExactSizeIterator for Counter {
/// // We can easily calculate the remaining number of iterations.
/// fn len(&self) -> usize {
/// 5 - self.count
/// }
/// }
///
/// // And now we can use it!
///
/// let counter = Counter::new();
///
/// assert_eq!(5, counter.len());
/// ```
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
pub trait ExactSizeIterator: Iterator {
/// Returns the exact length of the iterator.
///
/// The implementation ensures that the iterator will return exactly `len()`
/// more times a [`Some(T)`] value, before returning [`None`].
/// This method has a default implementation, so you usually should not
/// implement it directly. However, if you can provide a more efficient
/// implementation, you can do so. See the [trait-level] docs for an
/// example.
///
/// This function has the same safety guarantees as the
/// [`Iterator::size_hint`] function.
///
/// [trait-level]: ExactSizeIterator
/// [`Some(T)`]: Some
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Basic usage:
///
/// ```
/// // a finite range knows exactly how many times it will iterate
/// let five = 0..5;
///
/// assert_eq!(5, five.len());
/// ```
#[inline]
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
fn len(&self) -> usize {
let (lower, upper) = self.size_hint();
// Note: This assertion is overly defensive, but it checks the invariant
// guaranteed by the trait. If this trait were rust-internal,
// we could use debug_assert!; assert_eq! will check all Rust user
// implementations too.
assert_eq!(upper, Some(lower));
lower
}
/// Returns `true` if the iterator is empty.
///
/// This method has a default implementation using
/// [`ExactSizeIterator::len()`], so you don't need to implement it yourself.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Basic usage:
///
/// ```
/// #![feature(exact_size_is_empty)]
///
/// let mut one_element = std::iter::once(0);
/// assert!(!one_element.is_empty());
///
/// assert_eq!(one_element.next(), Some(0));
/// assert!(one_element.is_empty());
///
/// assert_eq!(one_element.next(), None);
/// ```
#[inline]
#[unstable(feature = "exact_size_is_empty", issue = "35428")]
fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
self.len() == 0
}
}
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<I: ExactSizeIterator + ?Sized> ExactSizeIterator for &mut I {
fn len(&self) -> usize {
(**self).len()
}
fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
(**self).is_empty()
}
}